Thursday, September 27, 2012

Shikoku 88 Temple 16 Kan-onji


h391

Situated in the suburbs of Tokushima, temple 16 of the Shikoku Pilgrimage, Kannonji, doesnt look at all interesting, though that may have been colored by my own mood, coming to the end of a long few days and only a few hours away from a hotel, bed, and bath....

h393

The gate was quite nice, though the nio were missing. Only the white-clad pilgrims gave any clue that this was not just a suburban temple.

h394

Reputedly built in the middle of the eigth century, Kukai later visited and carved the Thousand-armed Kannon and installed it as the main deity. The temple belongs to the Shingon sect.

h395

I didnt see it, but there is supposed to be a painting of a woman on fire, donated by the woman herself, who believed she was burned as punishment for the sins of her youth....

h399

Sunday, September 23, 2012

Kawamoto Kagura Competition 2012


k2655

Last weekend I went upriver to the Kawamoto Kagura Competition. While I believe that kagura is best appreciated in a shrine, kagura competitions do offer another type of experience.... comfortable seats, good lighting, and a big stage which is more suited for the Hiroshima style of kagura.. Even though it was a secular event, the first dance is always the purification of the space, performed here by a group from Mitani.

k2691

Next up was the local Kawamoto group and they performed Akoden, a variation on the wicked fox transformed into a beautiful maiden. Though Kawamoto is in Iwami their group performs Horoshima style, with lots of mask changes etc. This was a rousing dance for the home audience with plenty of stand-up comedy, pantomime, and slapstick....

k2923

The Otsuka group from Kitahiroshima then did Rashomon, a dance I dont think Ive seen before that is actually the prequel to the more common Oeyama dance. Fast, furious, but ending with the demons escaping and so setting the scene for Oeyama...

k2957

Next up was the simpler 2 man version of Hachiman performed by the Mihara group. Mihara is a little up in the mountains near my village and Yoko works there. She is friends with Mr. Yamaguchi the group leader who dances the Hachiman part. At 70 years of age Mr Yamaguchi is certainly one of the oldest kagura dancers around..... though still spry and athletic.

k3051

My own village of Tanijyugo was up next with Jinrin,.... 2 heroes and 2 demons...

k3096

There were six more dances after the lunchbreak but I only stayed for one more, Momijigari, another Hiroshima favorite with many mask changes and 4 maidens who transform into demons.....

Kagura competitions have grown in poularity in the past 50 years and do offer the opportunity to see a lot of kagura in an all-day setting rather than the more intimate shrine setting of all-night kagura..... Most towns in Iwami and north Hiroshima now have annual kagura competions. The smaller towns without auditoriums will put them on in school gymnasiums....

Wednesday, September 19, 2012

Izumo 33 Temple 2 Yomeiji





The second temple of the Izumo 33 Kannon Pilgrimage is Yomeiji, situated on a rise less than a kilometer from temple 1.




It belongs to Shingon, and obviously its main deity is Kannon, but other than that I can find almost no information about it.




One older source does say that it was here that Izumo no Okuni, the legendary creator of kabuki, spent her last years in prayer. She built a small cottage near here and her grave is next to the temple, but the neighboring temple claims to have some objects belonging to her so maybe that was the temple she frequented.




I came to the temple from the rear and it took a few tries till I found the right narrow alleyway between the houses to get to it. The front of the temple had steps descending into the narrow lanes of what used to be called Kitsuki but is no known as Taisha Town.



Sunday, September 16, 2012

Onigawara of Shikoku


h9968

Onigawara are "demon tiles" found most commonly on temple roofs, but also on some shrines and even private dwellings.

h9989

They are found at the end of roof ridges and were originally wooden boards used to protect the roof from the weather. Tile came to be used and were decorated with flowers and other designs.

h20

From the kamakura period the demon design became popular and in some ways are analogous to gargoyles in the European tradition.

h66

The first  and second  photos are from  Temple 3 Konsenji.  The third photo is from Aizen-in, the fourth from temple 5 Jizoji, and the last photo is from the main gate of Temple 8 Kumadaniji

h162

Friday, September 14, 2012

Akiyoshi-Do the biggest cavern in Japan

Akiyoshi Do in central Yamaguchi Prefecture is the largest cavern in Japan and one of the largest in East Asia. Located under Akiyoshidai, the largest karst (limestone plateau) in Japan which is home to about 200 caves.


It is about 10 kilometers in length, but only the first kilometer is open to the public.


It truly is cavernous inside, reaching 100 meters at its widest point and 80 meters at the highest point.


It took about 300,000 years for the water to erode the cave system. There are numerous "features" with evocative names but that will be in a later post. If you dont want to walk all the way back out there are two other exits, one an elevator up to the plateau.


Akiyoshido is located in Mine City and is open 365 days a year.


Thursday, September 13, 2012

Ichinomiya Shrine, Tokushima


h341

Ichinomiya means "first-ranked shrine", and each province had their own, as well as Ninomiya (second ranked), Sannomiya (third ranked), etc. This is the Ichinomiya for what was Awa Province, now Tokushima.

h343

It is also the site of what was the 13th temple on the Shikoku 88 temple pilgrimage. There used to be a temple in the grounds called Ichinomiya-Ji, and pilgrims worshipped at both the shrine and the temple. The temple was destroyed in early Meiji but later rebuilt just across the road and renamed Dainichiji.

h344

The main enshrined kami is Ogetsuhime, a goddess that approximates an "Earth Mother". According to the Kojiki, Susano asked her for some food and she produced it for him out of her various orifices. Feeling the food was therefore "impure" he killed her and scattered her body and from the various parts the foods of Japan, rice, millet, beans etc, grew. This is such an archetypal myth that it is not surprising that similar myths exist in other parts of Japan, though with different names. What is most interesting is that Ogetsuhime is the ancient "divine" name for Awa.

h345

The second enshrined deity is Amenoiwatowake, one of the kami from Takamagahara, the "High Plain of Heaven" who escorted Ninigi in his descent to Japan. She is enshrined at Kashihara, the "palace" of Jimmu in Yamato.

What these 2 kami suggest to me is that as the Yamato fought their way east from Kyushu they appropiaited the kami of the peoples they conquered and incorporated these kami into their own mythology to justify their divine right to rule.

h347

There are many secondary shrines within the grounds, but no signboard so cannot say which other kami are enshrined here.

Monday, September 10, 2012

Kintaikyo Bridge


k2641

Iwakuni in Yamaguchi is most well known for its Kintaikyo Bridge.

k2642

Originally built in 1673 by the first Lord of Iwakuni who built Iwakuni castle on top the mountain.

k2520

The unique 5-arched bridge spans the Nishiki River and is 200 meters long and 5 meters wide.

k2534

One of the 3 Great Bridges of Japan, it was originally built without using any nails and reconstructed several times but the current version, built following a disasterous typhoon and flood in 1950, does.

k2591

Until 1868 only the Daimyo and his vassals could cross the bridge, but since then it has been open to all people, for a small entrance fee.

Sunday, September 9, 2012

Akiyoshi Hachimangu


hagi3573

Akiyoshi Hachiman Shrine in the mountains of Yamaguchi is a fairly typical village shrine. The shrine records date back to the Muromachi period ( 1337-1573) the time Hachiman became the tutelary deity of samurai. There was a major rebuilding in 1771, but the current buildings only date back to 1898.

hagi3576

The shrine is a branch of the original Usa Hachimangu in northern Kyushu, which is a little unusual in that most Hachiman shrines are branches of the Iwashimizu Hachimangu near Kyoto, itself a branch of Usa Hachimangu. The main kami are Ojin and his mother Jingu, though there are some interesting secondary kami.

hagi3580

The statue of an Ox suggests Tenjin. Tamayorihime is listed. It may be referring to the Tamayorihime that is connected to the Kamigamo shrine in Kyoto, but it may refer to any other "divine bride", that is to say a woman who has been impregnated by a kami. Jinushigami is also listed. Jinushigami is a kami of a piece of land, but seems to be connected particularly to land that has been "opened up" and turned from wilderness into agricultural land.

hagi3577

The temple bell at the shrine most probably came from Shofukuji, the temple that occupied the same site as the shrine. It would have been destroyed in early Meiji with the shinbutsu bunri, separation of buddhas and kami.

hagi3582

The most interesting kami enshrined here, for me at least, is Kudara no kuni Mikado. Kudara was the Korean kingdom in the SW of the Korean Peninsular. Mikado means ruler, so the kami is a ruler of Paekche, the Korean country that had the closest ties to the Yamato rulers, and quite possibly the line of rulers from Ojin might well have been Kudaran.

hagi3583

I have seen rabbits carved into the centre of lintels at shrines and I thought it meant the shrine was constructed in the year of the rabbit, but I have never seen any of the other zodiac animals carved in the same position so that seems unlikely. One more mystery to solve....

hagi3581

This ema shows a treasure ship with 2 dogs. This almost certainly was left at the shrine in a Dog Year....

Saturday, September 8, 2012

Vacation 2011 Day 19 Essouira


e5450

By now I was getting into the "relaxing" part of the vacation..... sleeping a little longer each night, but still I woke before 5 and the almost-full moon was still quite high....

e5474

There is a maze quality to all medinas, though Essouira was much smaller than Marrakesh and so was easier to figure out where you are...

e5468

Like everywhere else in Morocco where tourists go the streets are lined with colorful products, though Essouira is unusual in that it has gotten a reputation for paintings, so there are numerous art galleries....

e5484

The doors of Essouira, like everywhere else in Morocco are fantastically diverse. weathered and "distressed", with layer upon layer of paint showing through.... I will do some posts later just on Moroccan doors.....

e5514

Early evening I headed to the plaza where the sea wall is low and sat and watched the sun descend. Inland the clouds threatened rain.

e5568

As the sun approached the horizon it appeared between the clouds and put on a show for the large number of people, visitor and locals, who had gathered to sit quietly and enjoy the show....

Thursday, September 6, 2012

Ando's Spiral Staircase revisited


kobe8349

One of the features of Tadao Ando's Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art is the exterior spiral staircase.

kobe8352

I posted some other photos of it previously here

kobe8354

Spiral staircases are extremely easy to take good photos of...... its in their nature....

kobe8357

But I was also fortunate to catch it with some strong light and shadows....

kobe8348

Other posts on the museum here and here